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Adiós a las agujas: crean una vacuna que se aplica a través de un parche Científicos estadounidenses desarrollaron un revolucionario método indoloro que evitará lidiar con el temor a las agujas. martes 11 de julio de 2017 18:41
GEORGIA - El pinchazo es uno de los temores más frecuentes de los niños y también de algunos mayores que se resisten a colocarse las necesarias inyecciones. A sabiendas de esto, equipos de la Universidad de Emory y del Instituto de Tecnología de Georgia idearon una variante que promete terminar con la fobia y ganar aceptación: crearon un eficaz e indoloro parche quepromete ser el sistema de inmunización del futuro.
En un trabajo mancomunado de los expertos y solventado por los Institutos Nacionales de Salud de los Estados Unidos, la nueva forma de vacunar contra la gripe es a través de una tirita similar a una curita que se pone sobre la muñeca. Se trata de un pequeño parche que contiene 100 microagujas. Dura un año, sin necesidad de ser almacenado a baja temperatura, y cualquier persona se lo pueda aplicar a sí mismo.
La familia de una nena discapacitada casi lincha a un remisero que abusó de ella
"A pesar de las recomendaciones de tener una vacunación universal, la influenza sigue siendo una de las principales causas de enfermedad y mortalidad", comentó Nadine Rouphael, autora principal del trabajo y profesora de la Escuela de Medicina de la Universidad de Emory, que argumentó que con esta nueva modalidad se pretende aumentar la cobertura de la vacunación en las personas en riesgo.
El producto aporta otras ventajas además de las mencionadas: las microagujas que contienen la vacuna son fabricadas con un polímero que en 20 minutos se disuelve en la piel, por lo que el parche puede lanzarse a la basura, sin el riesgo de que hiera a otras personas, como sucede con las actuales agujas desechables. Y si bien se elaboró para la gripe, los investigadores creen que el mecanismo mediante el que actúan estos parches podría replicarse a futuro para otro tipo de inmunizaciones. De hecho, ya se comenzó a trabajar en el desarrollo de versiones para el sarampión, la rubeola y la polio.
El dispositivo fue probado con éxito en un ensayo clínico fase 1, con 100 personas de entre 18 y 49 años, logrando una respuesta inmune potente a los 28 días de aplicada, similar a la vacunación tradicional. Los resultados, publicados en la revista The Lancet , también evaluaron los posibles efectos adversos durante los seis primeros meses: en algunos voluntarios se observó un leve enrojecimiento de la zona que desaparecía en horas, y una suave picazón que duró dos días.
Una mujer policía mató a un compañero y se suicidó después de ver una foto en Facebook
Aunque ya se piensa como una revolución medicinal por sus potenciales beneficios para disminuir los costos de administración y garantizar una mayor disponibilidad en países en desarrollo, recién pasó las primeras pruebas de seguridad. Los científicos advierten que aún restan más ensayos clínicos por realizar antes de que este sistema de inmunización se apruebe para un uso generalizado.
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